Lighting

A: There are several types, including ceiling fixtures (such as chandeliers, flush - mounts, and semi - flush - mounts), wall sconces, pendant lights, track lighting, recessed lighting, under - cabinet lighting, and floor lamps.

A: For a ceiling fixture in a living room or bedroom, a general rule is to add the length and width of the room in feet and convert it to inches. So for a 10x12 - foot room, (10 + 12 = 22 feet, so a 22 - inch diameter fixture could be appropriate). For pendants over a dining table, they should be about 30 - 36 inches above the tabletop.

A: Recessed lighting is popular for general illumination in the kitchen. Under - cabinet lighting is great for task lighting on countertops. Pendant lights can be used over the island or breakfast bar.

A: First, turn off the power at the circuit breaker. Remove the old fixture if there is one, following the manufacturer's instructions. Connect the wires (usually black to black, white to white, and ground to ground). Then mount the fixture base to the ceiling box and attach the fixture components.

A: For glass or plastic shades, use a soft, damp cloth. For metal parts, a dry or slightly damp cloth can be used. For chandeliers, it may be necessary to disassemble some parts for thorough cleaning. Make sure the power is off before cleaning.

A: Wall sconces can be used for ambient lighting, to add a decorative element to a room, or for task lighting in areas like hallways, near beds for reading, or in bathrooms next to the mirror.